Working to get more money into the hands of lower-income families with children, the US House of Representatives on Wednesday evening passed the Tax Relief for American Families and Workers Act of 2024, a bill that if signed into law would boost the child tax credit by increasing the maximum refundable amount per child over the next three years.
The bill now moves to the Senate, where it faces an uncertain future, before it would head to President Joe Biden to sign into law.
As part of a massive COVID aid package in 2021, Congress temporarily expanded the child tax credit, which helped drive child poverty to a record low. Congress didn’t extend the larger credit amount beyond 2022, however, and the credit returned to its pre-pandemic level.
The House-approved expanded child tax credit would work differently than the 2021 change, and the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities estimates that 16 million children in low-income families would benefit from the new boosted credit in the first year. The credit boost is part of a larger tax bill that would extend some business credits. We’ll help you find out if you’d be eligible for the child tax credit, and how much money you and your dependent children could get. For more, here’s when you could expect to see your child tax credit refund and which states are sending child tax credits in 2024.
What’s the proposed 2024 enhanced child tax credit?
The proposed changes to the $2,000 child tax credit would cover three tax years: 2023, 2024 and 2025. That means you could claim the expanded credit this tax season when you file your 2023 tax returns.
The child tax credit would continue to be partially refundable, meaning that for a part of the credit, you could get a refund even if you didn’t owe any tax. And the new rules would increase the maximum refundable amount from $1,600 per child. For tax year 2023, it would increase to $1,800; for tax year 2024 to $1,900; and for tax year 2025 to $2,000. The 2024 and 2025 amounts would be adjusted for inflation.
The remainder of the $2,000 after the refundable amount ($200 for tax year 2023) would be nonrefundable, meaning you could only use the tax credit against taxes you owe — after your tax bill hit zero, you wouldn’t get additional money.
The 2021 pandemic child tax credit, in comparison, increased the credit amount up to $3,600 per child under age 6 and $3,000 per child ages 6 to 17. The credit was fully refundable, and instead of eligible families receiving the credit in 2022 after filing their taxes, they could receive half of the credit through monthly advance payments in 2021 and then the other half in 2022.
How much could I receive with the proposed expansion of the child tax credit?
The new child tax credit plan seeks to get more money into the hands of lower income families. “Fifteen million kids from low-income families will be better off as a result of this plan,” said Sen. Ron Wyden, a Democrat from Oregon, who helped shape the tax deal. “It’s a big deal to have this opportunity to pass pro-family policy that helps so many kids get ahead.”
Critics of the former child tax credit said it kept money from those children who needed it most. Up to 19 million children in the lowest-income families received less than the full credit because their parents earned too little, the Urban Institute found (PDF).
With the new boosted credit, the maximum refundable amount per child would be $1,800 in tax year 2023, $1,900 in tax year 2024, and $2,000 in tax year 2025, letting lower-income families claim more of the refundable portion of the credit. Under the former tax break, the maximum refundable tax credit available per child was $1,600.
Rules around the new credit would also provide more money to families with multiple children, by taking into account the number of qualifying children when calculating the amount of the credit, said Rep. Jason Smith, a Republican from Missouri, who also helped craft the bill.
For example, the Center on Budget and Policy Priorities estimates that a single parent with two children who earns $13,000 would see their credit double in the first year, for a $1,575 gain.
Would I qualify for the new child tax credit?
The eligibility rules around the new credit would be similar to the existing, nonpandemic child tax credit. To be eligible for the tax break this year, you and your family would need to meet these requirements:
- You have a modified adjusted gross income, or MAGI, of $200,000 or less, or $400,000 or less if you’re filing jointly.
- The child you’re claiming the credit for was under the age of 17 on Dec. 31, 2023.
- The child has a valid Social Security number.
- They’re your legally recognized child, stepchild, foster child, sibling, half-brother or half-sister, or a descendant of one of these categories (like a grandchild or niece or nephew).
- They’ve contributed no more than half their own financial support in the relevant tax year.
- They’ve lived with you for more than half the year.
- You’re claiming them as a dependent on your tax return.
- You’re a US citizen or resident alien.
When would I receive the new child tax credit?
Unlike the 2021 credit, where you could receive half in monthly advance payments, under the new proposed rules, you’d claim the credit when you file your tax return. You’d then receive any child tax credit money you were owed via your tax refund, or use that credit to offset your tax liability if you owed money. Though tax season is already underway, taxpayers wouldn’t be required to file amended tax returns to claim the larger credit, The Washington Post reported.
Will the expanded child tax credit become law?
The House passed the child tax credit bill on Jan. 29, but Senate approval is uncertain. According to Punchbowl News, “This popular bipartisan tax bill is going to get caught up in a Senate legislative logjam over the next few weeks.” Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer, a Democrat from New York, has said he supports the bill. And the White House this week said Biden “remains committed to fighting for the full expanded Child Tax Credit.”
For more, here’s what to do if you haven’t received your W-2 form yet and what the COLA increase could mean for your taxes.
